Synthesis Summary free essay sample

The second article Revisit GSAT Issue for Better Placement by Wayne Campbell published in the Jamaica Observer on Monday April 30, 2012, challenges the effectiveness of GSAT as an assessment tool and cites ways in which it is disadvantageous to the educational system. The first major concern pointed out by these sources is that the GSAT is not appropriate in assessing a student’s true scholastic ability. (Reid, 2012) In GSAT ‘Unsuitable’, both Dr. Karen Richards and Margaret Bailey agreed that the finality of the exam results, in relation to the limited scope of assessment, proved GSAT to be unfair to the students. Furthermore, (Campbell, 2012) in Revisit GSAT, spoke about the flawed structure of how questions are marked on the exam, citing that it is easy for students to evade certain types of questions completely. The consensus on the literature is that the GSAT, as a one-time-per-year exam, is too limited a sample of someone’s academic ability and is a sample that is too easily skewed. We will write a custom essay sample on Synthesis Summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The second major concern is that the GSAT is actually damaging the educational system and that this attack is twofold. The first problem is stated in GSAT ‘Unsuitable’ by Patrice Harrison of GSATready. She pointed out that the content of the exam seem irrelevant, stating that while the topics are sound the specifics of the questions ask for information that is extraneous for the student. The second problem comes from (Campbell, 2012) in Revisit GSAT, stating that the actual placement proposed by GSAT scores is damaging to the educational system. He cites that the way the scores are used only widens the disparity between high and low performing schools and that the placement of students perpetuates these trends. In concluding the credibility of both authors was unquestionable because of the use of reputable sources to bring their points across. The authors chose simple language to bring to the attention of the general public, issues parents and children face as a result of the GSAT. The structure of the articles was such that the audience fully grasps the material presented. Therefore the information itself was concise and to the point and did not leave the readers any room for misjudgment. The authors tone expresses a genuine concern as it relates to the state of GSAT and its impact on the nation’s youth. GSAT ‘Unsuitable’ GSAT ‘Unsuitable’ published in the Gleaner on April 9, 2012 written by Tyrone Reid is an article which served to highlight some of the issues with GSAT as the final placement examination for the primary school level. The author used captions from local educators to reinforce the information put forward. Firstly, primary school principal and author Dr. Margaret Bailey highlighted that the one exam principle is unsuitable. She made this statement because she believes that it is unreasonable to decide the faith of the children with one exam. Dr. Karen Richards’s clinical psychologist agreed with Dr. Bailey. She went to suggest the use of school base assessment over just sitting an exam. She stated that, the use of psychological assessment for children sitting the GSAT may be beneficial to get a better understanding of their readiness and ability to cope with the stress of the exam. Former Prime Minister Edward Seaga stated that, the issues of GSAT are not a onetime problem but a yearlong issue. He said that GSAT is time consuming and impedes the children’s social development and that there should be a curriculum reform. Managing Director Patrice Harrison from the GSATReady. om agreed that there should be a reform in the curriculum as there is unnecessary information required for GSAT. The author close by using a point brought forward by Dr. Bailey, she said that development is necessary at the secondary level in order to better place the children. Revisit GSAT issue for better placement Revisit GSAT issue for better placement published in the Jamaica Observer on April 30, 2012 written by Wayne Campbell is an article geared at looking into the placement issues with GSAT. The author first sought to highlight the elitist nature of GSAT. He went on to describe the two fold manner in which children are placed in secondary institutions. He further emphasizes how this two fold placement permeates into the socio-economic divide evident in the Jamaican society. Secondly, the author expresses the inability of GSAT to truly measure the students’ ability to perform at the secondary level. He uses a scenario to further strengthens his claim by showing how a student may pass a given section of GSAT with little or no aptitude in that area. He also uses rhetorical strategies to question the apparent fracture within the education system.

Aquitaine essays

Aquitaine essays Aquitaine est entre les Midi Pyrnes, Limousin, et Poitou Charenets. Il a situ trois cent cinquante miles sud loest Paris. Aquataine a une le frontire avec Lespagne. Aquataine est prs de lOcean Atlantique et les Pyrnes. La Garonne traverse LAquitaine. Il est un grande region en France. La capitale de Aquitaine est Bordeaux, situ sur le Garonne. La rgion est seperated dans cinq parties. En Aquitaine il y a beaucoup de vinyards. Il est trs joli. Il y a un beaucoup d'endroits la visite en France: edifices de Lascoux, La Madeline, Rouffignac, et beaucoup de chteaux. On peut jouer une beaucoup de sports en Aquataine pour exemple, golf et pelote. Pelote est le jeu plus rapide jou avec une balle La plages sont jaune, doux et sableux sur la cte de lAtlantique. Vous pouvez joue une jeu de volley. Aquitaine was name by Julius Caesar in the first century BC. Under the Romans, the province of Aquitania extended almost as far north as the Loire River. The portion south of the Gironde, was made a separate province in the late 3rd century. The remainder became a separate kingdom in the Frankish period. The title duke of Aquitaine was held by the counts of Poitiers from the 10th to the 12th century. The last duke was William X. When his daughter, Eleanor of Aquitaine, married the heir to the throne of England in 1152, the area became an English possession and remained so until the 15th century, when France at the end of the Hundred Years War annexed it. From the 13th century until the French Revolution, Aquitaine was called Guyenne. The name Aquitaine was revived in the 1960s to designate the economic region comprising the French departments of Pyrnes-Atlantiques, Landes, Gironde, Dordogne, and Lot-et-Garonne. ...

Bloom Research and Response Paper

Larkin and Burton’s abstract preface the Joint Commission’s directive for effective communication among caregivers during handoff to ensure patient safety (Larkin Burton, 2008, p. 360). The case study reviews the lack of handoff practice and its effect on continuum of care provided to â€Å"Ms. C, a 64-year-old woman, presented to the ambulatory surgery center for an open cholecystectomy† (p. 390), and the subsequent workshop utilizing Bloom’s Taxonomy of Education Objectives to educate and change clinical practice among the staff members. From this reader’s vantage Ms. C’s respiratory de-compensation was a result of the nurses’ failure to communicate patients medical history and critical findings during unit-to-unit transfer and shift report, inadequate nurse to patient ratio along with incomplete charting, failure to recognize early signs and symptoms of respiratory compromise, and lack of critical thinking skills. Evidenced by the case study’s assertions, Ms. C required oxygen in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) but was transferred without it. Second, the PACU nurse did not communicate to the patient’s need for oxygen to the receiving nurse during handoff report. It is unclear if the surgeon wrote vital sign parameters and pulmonary toilet orders, or if there were standard protocols for this post operative unit. Ms. C’s incomplete graphic record indicate she was placed on four liters of oxygen within two hours of her arrival to the unit at 1630; however, fail to adequately trend abnormal vital signs such as low grade temperature and tachycardia (Larkin Burton, 2008, p. 392). The record does not document any nurse-initiated interventions or call to the doctor requesting a chest x-ray or recommending a respiratory therapy consult for breathing treatment and incentive spirometer. On post-op day two Ms. C’s respiratory status declined requiring a non-rebreather mask, rapid response team consult, and a transfer to the intensive care unit for a diagnosis of respiratory distress (p. 392). There were multiply factors that contributed to the above scenario; Larkin and Burton writes that â€Å"after this near-miss, failure to rescue incident† (p. 94) a task force consisting of management, clinical nurse specialist (CNS) and unit educator convened to discuss the event. The task force concluded that the nursing staff members were ineffectual in critically evaluating the patient’s signs and symptoms. The CNS chose a framework that utilized â€Å"Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives†, that provided measurable outcomes to the ed ucational activity and enabled the nursing team to optimize their critical skill levels. A workshop to assist staff to navigate through the case study in a realistic manner was implemented (Larkin Burton, 2008, p. 95). The cognitive domain contains six intellectual skills that measure: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of information received. The affective domain contains five emotional factors: receiving, responding, valuing, organizing, also conceptualizing and characterizing by value concept. It is during this phase that individual buy-in occurs or not. Finally, the psychomotor domain contains five motor skills functions of imitation, manipulation, precision, articulation, and naturalization. The individual learn to adapt his or her movements intuitively to a given situation (Larkin Burton, 2008, p. 395). The key component of continued nursing education is to advance and apply evidenced based practice at the bedside. The use of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives as the framework promote the transfer of evidence based information, in a setting that allow the nurse educators to evaluate and measure the learner’s: cognitive, affective and psychomotor processes. It allows the learner (nurse) to assess his or her level of application within each domain. Both the educator and the nurse can reinforce successes and target learning opportunities to areas of inefficiency. References Blais, K. K. , Hayes, J. S. (2011). Professional Nursing Practice Concepts and Perspective (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Bouchard, G. J. (2011, November). In Full Bloom: Helping Students Grow Using the Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. The Journal of Physican Assistance Education, 22(4), 44-46. Larkin, B. G. , Burton, K. J. (2008, September). Evaluating a Case Study Using Blooms Taxonomy of Education. AORN, 88(3), 390-402.

Paragraph Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Paragraph - Essay Example The partnership is beneficial for Recycline in two basic ways; it gets easy access to raw material and a brand assistance to enter new markets. 2. Hudson has already played a good role in creating certain competitive advantages for his firm. However, as the new trends and changing business environments demand, he can initiate more interactive advertisements. Hudson can also deploy some celebrities for promoting his brand because celebrities are of great market value these days. Other marketing tactics he can initiate involves announcing price reduction, special offers, gifts etc. 3. As the company grows Hudson should heed more attention to marketing strategies. Greater emphasis must be given to making more innovative designs. In the same way, company has to shift its focus from domestic market to international markets too. As part of the business expansion, like any other international firm, personal style of business management must be substituted by more collaborated and integrated way of management. Since current trends give priority to consumer based marketing, Recycline can also rely on market segmentation strategies. In addition, company can launch regional outlets in order to become more interactive and consumer friendly.

How technology affects my life everyday Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

How technology affects my life everyday - Essay Example They have improved efficiency leading to increased productivity. Simultaneously, it has motivated people to be innovative in their application of technology, especially in education so that it can reach to still larger number of learners. Technology has become intrinsic part of contemporary society and therefore it becomes very difficult to envisage life without it. In case of emergencies like accident, mobile phones greatly facilitate in informing others about it and get timely help which would otherwise have become quite impossible. Another area is transport. Technology has considerably impacted transport system and made it easy for people to travel from one place to another. Regional and national boundaries have diminished and people can traverse great distance at very short time. In the absence of use of technology in transport system, development of societies and nations would have just remained a dream and not a reality. (words: 258)

Bus 642 Week 2 Assignment Essay Example for Free

Bus 642 Week 2 Assignment Essay Chapter 2 #1 (1/1) a What are the most prudent decisions she can make about her responsibilities to herself and others? The most prudent decision she can make about her responsibilities to herself and others would be to turn it in to the airline. Using information out of the proposal would result in her dismissal because she would be in violation of her firm’s Business Conduct Guidelines. b What are the implications of those decisions even if there is no violation of law or regulation? The implications of those decision even if there is no violation of law or regulation would result in her being unethical by taking credit for work she did not complete. Chapter 6 #1-5 (.5/.5) 1Distinguish between the following: a Exploratory and formal studies. â€Å"The immediate purpose of exploration is usually to develop hypotheses or questions for further research† (Cooper and Schindler, 2011 p. 140). â€Å"The goal of a formal research design is to test the hypotheses or answer the research questions posed† (Cooper and Schindler, 2011 p. 140). b Experimental and ex post facto research designs. â€Å"Experimental design is appropriate when one wishes to discover whether certain variables produce effects in other variables† (Cooper and Schindler, 2011 p. 141). â€Å"Ex post facto research design can only report what has happened or what is happening† (Cooper and Schindler, 2011 p. 141). c Descriptive and causal studies. Descriptive is finding out who, what, when, where or how much? Casual-explanatory is finding out why/how a variable causes change in another variable. â€Å"A causal-predictive study attempts to predict an effect on one variable by manipulating another variable while holding all other variables constant† (Cooper and Schindler, 2011 p. 141). 2 Establishing causality is difficult, whether conclusions have been derived inductively or deductively. Source? (1/1.5) Explain and elaborate!!! a Explain and elaborate on the implications of this statement. The relationships between variables are not apparent but what is clear are the possible outcomes. b Why is ascribing causality more difficult when conclusions have been reached through induction? The conclusion of extra information may be simply one reason of an observed fact. c Correlation does not imply causation. Illustrate this point with examples from business. The better a company goods and services are the more a company can offer its consumers. Low employee morale produces low employee productivity. 3 Using yourself as the subject, give an example of each of the following asymmetrical relationships: (.5/.5) a Stimulus-response When I’m called on in a meeting to respond to question my mouth gets dry and I start to stutter. b Property-disposition I am one of few females in my family without children and I am sensitive when comments are made about my biological clock ticking. c Disposition-behavior I am excited about changes at my company and as a result I am willing to go the extra mile to meet an upcoming deadline. d Property-behavior My parents taught me to treat everyone fairly and now I demonstrate fairness in all that I do. 4 Why not use more control variables rather than depend on randomization as the means of controlling extraneous variables? Randomization allows the influence of the extraneous variables to equalize and control variables confound a casual relationship. Source? (.5/.5) 5 Researchers seek causal relationships by either experimental or ex post facto research designs. (.5/1) a In what ways are these two approaches similar? These two approaches are similar in dependent and independent variables. Also They both determine time order relationships. They both attemp to eliminate the confounding effects of other variables on the IV-DV relationship. b In what ways are they different? Experimental design allows manipulation of variables and ex post facto research does not. Basically with ex post facto research it is what it is and there’s no manipulation. Chapter 4 #7 Wrong question! Should be Chap 14#7 How can MindWriter’s existing database of service complaints be used to accumulate service problem information in advance of the proposed research? What information should be sought? It depends on the degree of information found in the existing database. Information that should be sought is the service centers past issues and the service center’s responses to the issues. (0/1) References BUS 642 (1st ed). McGraw-Hill Create. Retrieved from http://online.vitalsource.com/books/9781121130166/

Genetic Engineering, History and Future Essay -- Biology Biological Ar

Altering the Face of Science Science is a creature that continues to evolve at a much higher rate than the beings that gave it birth. The transformation time from tree-shrew, to ape, to human far exceeds the time from analytical engine, to calculator, to computer. But science, in the past, has always remained distant. It has allowed for advances in production, transportation, and even entertainment, but never in history will science be able to so deeply affect our lives as genetic engineering will undoubtedly do. With the birth of this new technology, scientific extremists and anti-technologists have risen in arms to block its budding future. Spreading fear by misinterpretation of facts, they promote their hidden agendas in the halls of the United States congress. Genetic engineering is a safe and powerful tool that will yield unprecedented results, specifically in the field of medicine. It will usher in a world where gene defects, bacterial disease, and even aging are a thing of the past. By understanding gene tic engineering and its history, discovering its possibilities, and answering the moral and safety questions it brings forth, the blanket of fear covering this remarkable technical miracle can be lifted. The first step to understanding genetic engineering, and embracing its possibilities for society, is to obtain a rough knowledge base of its history and method. The basis for altering the evolutionary process is dependent on the understanding of how individuals pass on characteristics to their offspring. Genetics achieved its first foothold on the secrets of nature's evolutionary process when an Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel developed the first "laws of heredity." Using these laws, scientists studied the characteristics of organisms for most of the next one hundred years following Mendel's discovery. These early studies concluded that each organism has two sets of character determinants, or genes (Stableford 16). For instance, in regards to eye color, a child could receive one set of genes from his father that were encoded one blue, and the other brown. The same child could also receive two brown genes from his mother. The conclusion for this inheritance would be the child has a three in four chance of having brown eyes, and a one in three chance of having blue eyes (Stableford 16). Genes are transmitted through chromosomes which res... ...the outside world. It is also thought that if such bacteria were to escape it would act like smallpox or anthrax and ravage the land. However, laboratory-created organisms are not as competitive as pathogens. Davis and Roche sum it up in extremely laymen's terms, "no matter how much Frostbran you dump on a field, it's not going to spread" (70). In fact Frostbran, developed by Steven Lindow at the University of California, Berkeley, was sprayed on a test field in 1987 and was proven by a RAC committee to be completely harmless (Thompson 104). Fear of the unknown has slowed the progress of many scientific discoveries in the past. The thought of man flying or stepping on the moon did not come easy to the average citizens of the world. But the fact remains, they were accepted and are now an everyday occurrence in our lives. Genetic engineering too is in its period of fear and misunderstanding, but like every great discovery in history, it will enjoy its time of realization and come into full use in society. The world is on the brink of the most exciting step into human evolution ever, and through knowledge and exploration, should welcome it and its possibilities with open arms.

What’s the Buzz on Smart Grids

Case Study: What’s the buzz on Smart Grids 1) How do smart grids differ from the current electricity infrastructure in the United States? The main difference where the smart grids differ from the current electricity infrastructure in the United Sates is that there is no information currently available as to how much energy/electricity is being used and where it is being used. In simple words it can be said that currently there is no exchange of information between the provider and the consumer.The smart grids will be able to provide all information regarding the usage pattern of electricity consumption by the customer which would help in the effective usage of electricity. The grids will then be able to know as to when the consumption is at peak and when it is not being used much. Also with this technology the consumer will be able to monitor their energy consumption which would encourage them to save. 2) What Management, Organization and Technology issues should be considered when developing a smart grid?There may be a lot of issues the smart grid might have to face: a) Management Issues: It is very important that proper planning must be done before the implementation of smart grids. All aspects should be planed and discussed over and over again with the managers at each level. It is a huge project which involves a lot of investment and a failure at the planning stage which is the beginning would be a disaster. It is also very important to make correct decisions at the right time. If correct decision are not made it could mess up the project. ) Organization Issues: Before the implementation of the project it must be made sure that everything is being done legally and taking into consideration all government policies. People within the organisation play an important role. The roles of each individual should be defined and proper flow of information is required in all levels. c) Technology Issues: According to me this is the most issues that the project r elies on. On the whole it is a technology project and the investment cost is immense. It is very important that all Hardware, Software, Network and communication requirements are in place. ) What challenge to development of smart grids do you think is most likely to hamper their development? According to me the challenge the smart grids will face is the acceptance by the customers. Not all customers will want to accept this change. It is usually the case that people are reluctant towards change. Also, if the customers find out that they are going to pay for this change and technology most of them would say no.It is very important to decide how the project is going to cover such a huge cost. It should be stress that the project has a long term potential and would help the customers in the long run. ) What other areas of our infrastructure could benefit from the smart technologies? Describe one example not listed in the case. The areas of infrastructure that could benefit from this sm art technology are not one. But, an example could be construction and mining industries. Efficient way of using electricity should be used in these industries which would greatly reduce their cost on a project. 5) Would you like your home and community to be part of a smart grid? Why or Why not? Explain. I would certainly want my home to be a part of the smart grid because it will help save energy and cost over the long run.If I was able to monitor the usage of electricity and know how much each electrical item at my home consumes electricity I would use it more efficiently and safe a lot of cost. I would be more motivated to use energy efficient items. Also the case talks about the electrical items can be turned on/off from anywhere. Let me discuss this example to demonstrate the efficiency. I go to work in the morning at 9 AM which is when I turn of the air conditioner at my place, I would be working at my office till 5 PM before leaving my office I would turn on the air condition er at home so that by the time I reach home my home is nice and cool.This is a simple example how we could save on the electricity cost. Also with these grids the providers would know how the usage patterns are and decide on what rate should be charged from each customer. The only concern that I would have is that the cost of the actual setup of the grid. If that price is not immediately transferred to me I would be happy to accept this change. It should be well distributed and nominal so that the consumers do not feel the pinch.

Person Centered Care

If you would like to contribute to the art and science section contact: Gwen Clarke, art and science editor, Nursing Standard, The Heights, 59-65 Lowlands Road, Harrow-on-the-Hill, Middlesex HA1 3AW. email: gwen. [email  protected] co. uk Person-centred care: Principle of Nursing Practice D Manley K et al (2011) Person-centred care: Principle of Nursing Practice D. Nursing Standard. 25, 31, 35-37. Date of acceptance: February 7 2011. SummaryThis is the fifth article in a nine-part series describing the Principles of Nursing Practice developed by the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) in collaboration with patient and service organisations, the Department of Health, the Nursing and Midwifery Council, nurses and other healthcare professionals. This article discusses Principle D, the provision of person-centred care. Authors Kim Manley, at the time of writing, lead, Quality, Standards and Innovation Unit, Learning & Development Institute, RCN, London; Val Hills, learning and development a dviser, RCN, Yorkshire and the Humber; and Sheila Marriot, regional director, RCN, East Midlands.Email: kim. [email  protected] ac. uk Keywords Nurse-patient relations, person-centred care, Principles of Nursing Practice These keywords are based on subject headings from the British Nursing Index. For author and research article guidelines visit the Nursing Standard home page at www. nursing-standard. co. uk. For related articles visit our online archive and search using the keywords.THE FOURTH Principle of Nursing Practice, Principle D, reads: ‘Nurses and nursing staff provide and promote care that puts people at the centre, involves patients, service users, their families and their carers in decisions, and helps them make informed choices about their treatment and care. ’ The provision of care that is experienced as right by the person receiving it is at the core of nursing practice. Principle D sets out to endorse and expand on this point, which is often summarised as providing person-centred care – a philosophy that centres care on the person and not only their healthcare needs.The King’s Fund uses the term NURSING STANDARD ‘the person in the patient’ to convey the same point (Goodrich and Cornwall 2008). There is a consensus that person-centred care equates with quality care (Innes et al 2006, Royal College of Nursing (RCN) 2009), although the service users involved in developing the Principles indicated that they wanted to receive person-centred, and safe and effective care. Such inter-related care is based on best evidence, which is blended with the needs of the individual within specific contexts.Healthcare teams, healthcare provider organisations and governments often articulate an intention to deliver person-centred care. However, achieving it is often challenging and difficult to sustain. Achieving person-centred care consistently requires specific knowledge, skills and ways of working, a shared philosophy th at is practised by the nursing team, an effective workplace culture and organisational support. While all members of the nursing team endeavour to provide person-centred care, some nurses have more transient contacts with patients and those important to them.Examples include staff working in operating departments, general practice or outpatients. The challenges in these situations include skill in developing rapid rapport and ensuring that communication systems respect the essence of the person and protect his or her safety in a way that maintains person-centred values and continuity of care. Person-centred care can be recognised by an active observer or the person experiencing care. The following might be experienced or observed: 4 A focus on getting to know the patient as a person, his or her values, beliefs and aspirations, health and social care needs and preferences. Enabling the patient to make decisions based on informed choices about what options and april 6 :: vol 25 no 31 :: 2011 35 art & science principles series: 5 assistance are available, therefore promoting his or her independence and autonomy. 4 Shared decision making between patients and healthcare teams, rather than control being exerted over the patient. Enabling choice of specific care and services to meet the patient’s health and social care needs and preferences. 4 Providing information that is tailored to each person to assist him or her in making decisions based on the best evidence available.Assisting patients to interpret technical information, evidence and complex concepts and helping them to understand their options and consequences of this, while accessing support from other health and social care experts. 4 Supporting the person to assert his or her choices. If the individual is unable to do this for him or herself, then the nursing team or an appointed formal advocate would present and pursue the person’s stated wishes. 4 Ongoing evaluation to ascertain that care an d services continue to be appropriate for each person. This involves encouraging, listening to and acting on feedback from patients and service users. Other attributes of the nursing team include being professionally competent and committed to work, and demonstrating clear values and beliefs (McCormack and McCance 2010). In addition, nurses should be able to use different processes in the development of person-centred care: working with patients’ values and beliefs, engaging patients and mental health service users, having a sympathetic presence, sharing decision making and accommodating patients’ physical needs (McCormack and McCance 2010). People from minority ethnic groups often experience barriers to person-centred care.There is a need to understand the way in which different minority groups within local populations access information and how different cultural understandings, languages and communication styles influence perceptions of personalised care (Innes et a l 2006). A shared philosophy For person-centred care to achieve its full potential, the approach needs to be practised by the entire nursing team. This requires a shared philosophy and ways of working that prioritise person-centred behaviour, not only with patients and those that are important to them, but also within the team.The wellbeing of staff and the way in which they are supported also needs to be person-centred as staff wellbeing positively affects the care environment for staff and patients. For a shared philosophy to be realised in practice, person-centred systems and an effective workplace culture need to be in place (Manley et al 2007, McCormack et al 2008). Such systems focus not only on structures and processes, but also on the behaviours necessary to provide person-centred care. An effective workplace culture has a common vision through which values are implemented in practice and experienced by patients, service users and staff.This culture demonstrates adaptability and responsiveness in service provision, is driven by the needs of users and has systems that sustain person-centred values. Clinical leadership is pivotal in promoting effective cultures. This is achieved through modelling person-centred values, developing and implementing systems that sustain these values, encouraging behavioural patterns that support giving and receiving feedback, implementing learning from systematic evaluations of person-centred care and involving patients in decision making (Manley et al 2007).To determine whether person-centred care is being delivered or how it can be improved, workplaces need to use measures or methods that enable systematic evaluation to take place. These should be embedded within patients’ electronic NURSING STANDARD Knowledge, skills and ways of working Each member of the nursing team is expected to provide person-centred care, although the required knowledge, skills and competences may come from the wider nursing and healthcare t eam. Principle A, through its focus on dignity, respect, compassion and human rights, is the essential basis for providing person-centred care (Jackson and Irwin 2011).However, other qualities, such as the ability to develop good relationships are required: ‘The relationship between the service user and front line worker is pivotal to the experience of good quality/person-centred care/ support’ (Innes et al 2006). Developing good relationships with patients and colleagues requires team members to be self-aware and have well-developed communication and interpersonal skills. These skills enable the nursing team to get to know the person as an individual and enable other interdisciplinary team members to recognise these insights through effective documentation and working relationships.Getting to know the patient is a requirement for nursing expertise, but is also dependent on the way that care is organised (Hardy et al 2009). 36 april 6 :: vol 25 no 31 :: 2011 records to reduce the burden of data collection and analysis. The Person-centred Nursing Framework (McCormack and McCance 2010) identifies a number of outcomes that may inform these measures, including satisfaction with care, involvement in care, feeling of wellbeing and creating a therapeutic environment. The RCN (2011) recognises that different measures may already be in place to support evaluation of person-centred care.It is encouraging teams and organisations to submit their measures to the RCN for endorsement. The measures should meet certain criteria, for example they should be evidence-based, take into account stakeholder and other perspectives, and be practicable. Endorsed measures can be shared with others through the RCN website. Organisational support Innes et al (2006) made the point that organisations have an important role to play in enabling person-centred care through the promotion of user-led services. This can be achieved through overcoming bureaucratic structures such as in creased management and budget-led services.It is important that management provides support to the front line nursing team in its day-to-day work and recognises the importance of nurse-patient relationships to this endeavour. This support may be, for example, through initiatives that release time to care through lean methodology (a quality improvement approach that focuses on making processes more efficient and reducing waste) (Wilson 2010), and practice development methodologies associated with person-centred cultures (McCormack et al 2008). access clinic; service-users are seen weekly for a brief intervention (10-15 minutes).Service-users appreciate this alternative to the usual one-hour appointment every two weeks and find the approach less threatening. The clinic is run by a nurse prescriber who is able to titrate medication against need or therapeutic benefit while delivering high quality psychosocial interventions in a brief intervention format. The clinic is supported by a se rvice user representative. This representative gives confidence to service-users who may be lacking belief in their ability to achieve lifelong abstinence and provides service users with an introduction to other community based self-help support networks.After service users have engaged with the service through the quick access clinic, they progress to an appropriate level of key working intervention to meet their more complex needs. This initiative illustrates a number of elements of Principle D, including the use of a formal advocate service, drawing on a service representative, who supports the patient in his or her choices as well as helping him or her to assert his or her wishes. The approach provides a flexible service whereby clinical interventions are provided by a nurse practitioner, and complex needs are assessed quickly.The service user and the nursing team work in partnership to decide when the patient is ready to embark on the next level of interventions required to mee t the patient’s complex needs. Conclusion Principle D emphasises the centrality of the patient to his or her care. It requires skill from each member of the nursing team. The potential contribution of each member to person-centred care will be enhanced if everyone in the team is using the same approach. Such an approach requires a workplace culture where person-centred values are realised, reviewed and reflected on in relation to the experiences of both patients and staff NSCase study A good example of patient-centred care is illustrated by an initiative from a specialist drug and alcohol service at Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust. The nursing team treats drug users for an initial 12 weeks in a quick References Goodrich J, Cornwall J (2008) Seeing The Person in The Patient: The Point of Care Review Paper. The King’s Fund, London. Hardy S, Titchen A, McCormack B, Manley K (Eds) (2009) Revealing Nursing Expertise Through Practitioner Inquiry. Wiley -Blackwell, Oxford. Innes A, Macpherson S, McCabe L (2006) Promoting Person-centred Care at the Front Line. Joseph Rowntree Foundation,York. Jackson A, Irwin W (2011) Dignity, humanity and equality: Principles of Nursing Practice A. Nursing Standard. 25, 28, 35-37. Manley K, Sanders K, Cardiff S, Davren M, Garbarino L (2007) Effective workplace culture: a concept analysis. Royal College of Nursing Workplace Resources for Practice Development. RCN, London, 6-10. McCormack B, Manley K, Walsh K (2008) Person-centred systems and processes. In Manley K, McCormack B, Wilson V (Eds) International Practice Development in Nursing and Healthcare. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, 17-41. McCormack B, McCance T (2010) Person-centred Nursing: Theory and Practice.Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford. Royal College of Nursing (2009) Measuring for Quality in Health and Social Care: An RCN Position Statement. http://tinyurl. com/ 6c6s3gd (Last accessed: March 16 2011. ) Royal College of Nursing (2011) Principles of Nursi ng Practice: Principles and Measures Consultation. Summary Report for Nurse Leaders. http://tinyurl. com/5wdsr56 (Last accessed: March 16 2011. ) Wilson G (2010) Implementation of Releasing Time to Care: the Productive Ward. Journal of Nursing Management. 17, 5, 647-654. NURSING STANDARD april 6 :: vol 25 no 31 :: 2011 37

monologophobia - definition and examples

monologophobia - definition and examples Definition: A fear of using a word more than once in a single sentence or paragraph. The term monologophobia was coined by New York Times editor Theodore M. Bernstein in The Careful Writer, 1965.See Examples and Observations, below. Also see: What Is Monologophobia?Elegant VariationThe Fear of Repetition in Writing: Beware the Elongated Yellow FruitPeriphrasis (Rhetoric)RepetitionSynonyms and Variety of Expression, by Walter Alexander RaleighSynonymyThesaurus Examples and Observations: It took about a dozen men and women to heave the huge, orange produce item onto the forklift.When the driver lowered the massive pumpkin, the last of the 118 entered in yesterdays annual All New England Weigh-Off kicking off the Topsfield Fair, the traditional Halloween ornament broke the scale. . . .(Pumpkin Pounds Topsfield Scale: Oversized Produce Weighs in As Big Hit With Visitors to Fair. The Boston Globe, October 1, 2000) Bernstein on MonologophobiaA monologophobe (you wont find it in the dictionary) is a writer who would rather walk naked in front of Saks Fifth Avenue than be caught using the same word more than once in three lines. What he suffers from is synonymomania (you wont find that one, either), which is a compulsion to call a spade successively a garden implement and an earth-turning tool. . . .Now avoidance of monotony caused by jarring repetition of a conspicuous word or phrase is desirable. A little touch of monologophobia might have helped the framer of this sente nce: The Khrushchev defeats, General Hoxha said, took place at the international Communist meetings that took place in Bucharest in June, 1960, and in Moscow in November, 1960. . . .But mechanical substitution of synonyms may make a bad situation worse. Elegant variation is the term applied by Fowler to this practice. It is particularly objectionable if the synonym is the one that falls strangely on the ear or eye: calling a snowfall a descent, calling gold the yellow metal, calling charcoal the ancient black substance. Repetition of the word is better than these strained synonyms. Often a pronoun is a good remedy, and sometimes no word at all is required.(Theodore M. Bernstein, The Careful Writer: A Modern Guide to English Usage. Scribner, 1965) [M]onologophobia strikes in many places. In court reports there is a bewildering alternation of the names of people with their status as defendant or plaintiff. It is better to stick to names throughout.(Harold Evans, Essential English. Pimlico, 2000) Verdict and Ruling[An] accident of style that writers often get into with verdict and ruling is switching blithely back and forth between them, as if the words were interchangeable. In a story about a British libel case where the judge ruled against a Holocaust-denying historian, a reporter for the Chicago Tribune did this egregiously: International Jewish groups applauded the unsparing British court verdict against Irving. . . . The verdict shredded Irvings reputation. . . . Professor Dorothy Lipstadt of Emeroy University . . . hailed the ruling. . . . The ruling also was a victory for Penguin Books, her British publisher. . . . [Irving] said he had two words to describe the ruling. . . . Irving may appeal the verdict.In every instance in that story, verdict should have been ruling. But the reporter was no doubt suffering from a bad case of monologophobia, a fear of repeating the same word. . . .Instead of flip-flopping between the correct ruling and the incorrect verdict, the Chicago Tribune reporter should have assuaged his monologophobia by here and there tossing in the word decision, an unobjectionable substitute for ruling.(Charles Harrington Elster, The Accidents of Style: Good Advice on How Not to Write Badly. St. Martins Press, 2010) Also Known As: elegant variation, burly detective syndrome

Philosophy and Politics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Philosophy and Politics - Assignment Example David Thoreau asserts that the best government is one that does not govern at all. His political ideals are somehow different because he believes he should not pay tax equally and detests slavery. He sees this as being unjust to the community who in turn respects the governing rules. Having not enough land makes him feel like he should not pay similar tax on property as that paid by the others. It is in this respect that David Thoreau declined to pay tax and was arrested and imprisoned in July 1846. Although he was supposed to remain in prison until he pays a fine, he still declined the payment of the fine. David Thoreau’s relatives ended up settling the fine without his consent and were released. This had long enduring impacts on the "Civil Disobedience" making his political ideal quite different from those read in the Analects and that of the community who respected and obeyed the unjust laws. The circumstances of David Thoreau’s arrest and his attitude as a civil man exerted a great powerful force on the civil disobedience over time. David Thoreau, a man who only wandered in the woods to record the migration of birds and the growth of plants in his journal in Massachusetts, a small village of Concord, profoundly influenced most political giants such as Martin Luther King Jr. and Mohandas Gandhi. His political realm in "Civil Disobedience" established his whole reputation in the world of politics among the Americans. David Thoreau asserts that he went to the woods due to his wish to have a deliberate life in order to front the essential life facts only and find out if he could not learn what the facts could teach so that he would not discover that he never live when he dies. In his book, he says he never wished to live a life that was not life itself. That drove him to publish his book and his acts of civil disobedience. On the contrary, the chapters in Analects are categorized by individual themes. They are not however arranged to detail in any sort of manner the continuous stream of ideas and/ or thought.

Db 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Db 5 - Essay Example The given case study reflects an ethical dilemma that organizations normally face during employee selection processes. This paper will critically analyze the given issue and suggest the most possible solution. Case analysis The two candidates, Martin and Joy apply for job in a computer technology company for the position of software trainer. The candidates are from two different countries and both of them possess certain unpleasant backgrounds. Martin has a scar on the right side of his face which indicates an extensive employment injury record. At the same time, Joe has a criminal background. In my opinion, the case does not fall under the category of diversity. To illustrate, â€Å"the concept of diversity refers to the number or the proportion of people within a community or social environment that hold different and various roles.† (Diversity Categories). This concept is against all forms of discrimination and it tries to promote social equality. Martin is from China and J oe is from United States. Here, the firm does not consider the nationality of the candidates in its selection criteria; on the other hand, the firm only takes the previous work history of the candidates into account. ... In the final decision regarding employee hiring, I would consider the candidates’ work history and morals as the most determinant factors. Since the company would not have knowledge regarding candidates’ qualification, experience, efficiency, professionalism, and dedication, The candidate’s background information would be the only criterion to take final decision. The extensive employment injury record found to be the major weak-point of Martin. However, it is precise that a software trainer does not need to engage in physically demanding jobs that cause injuries. Similarly, the scar on Martin’s face does not raise any further interruption to his work. In contrast, Joe’s criminal background seems to be a potential issue that disqualifies him for the proposed employment opportunity. It is not advisable for the firm to employ a candidate with criminal background since he may hurt the overall cohesion and interests of the organization in future. The em ployment of a person with criminal background would promote unfair practices in the company. Moreover, the presence of employees having criminal background would adversely affect the repute of the whole organizational unit. In addition, Joe has body odor which would cause inconveniences to his co-workers. Hence, it is advisable to hire Martin for the offered post since he possesses better qualities and personal integrity required as compared to Joe. In this case study, there are no elements that constitute a legal issue because the hiring process does not include any religious, racial, or political discrimination. Law clearly states that an employer can refuse the job application of a candidate if the employer has sufficient reasons to prove that candidate would